學習資源 · 文法表

英文連接詞總整理
對等連接詞 FANBOYS、從屬與轉折用法

作者:Christopher|埃森美語創辦人|美國密西根大學畢業、美國正式教師執照|最後更新

兩片拼圖接在一起,象徵英文連接詞把句子連起來

英文連接詞分成三類,用法和標點各不相同:對等連接詞(and、but、so⋯⋯連接對等的兩邊)、從屬連接詞(because、although、when⋯⋯帶出附屬子句)、轉折副詞(however、therefore⋯⋯嚴格說不是連接詞,標點規則完全不同)。連接詞是把短句變成好句子的關鍵,也是台灣學生作文最容易露餡的地方——搞混第三類,就是 Although it was raining, but we went out. 這種中式英文的來源。

第一類

對等連接詞:FANBOYS 七個

英文連接詞對照表:and but because although 等連接詞的用法與例句
英文連接詞對照表——可儲存或列印|埃森美語 americanenglish.com.tw
連接詞意思例句
For因為(較正式)He stayed home, for he was sick.
And而且I like math, and I like science.
Nor也不She doesn't eat meat, nor does she drink milk.
But但是It was cold, but we went hiking.
Or或者We can walk or take the bus.
Yet然而He studied hard, yet he failed the test.
So所以It was late, so I went to bed.

取七個字的字首就是 FANBOYS——美國小學教連接詞的標準記法。規則:連接兩個完整句子時,前面加逗號(I was tired, so I went home.);只連接兩個詞或片語時不加逗號(bread and butter)。

第二類

從屬連接詞:帶出附屬子句

類型常用連接詞例句
原因because, since, asI stayed home because I was sick.
讓步although, though, even thoughAlthough it rained, we had fun.
時間when, while, before, after, untilCall me when you get home.
條件if, unlessIf it rains, we'll stay inside.
目的so that, in order thatShe left early so that she could catch the bus.

標點規則只有一條:附屬子句放句首要加逗號,放句尾不用。
✓ Because I was sick, I stayed home.(子句在前,加逗號)
✓ I stayed home because I was sick.(子句在後,不加)

另外注意條件句的時態:if 子句用現在式,主句用未來式——If it rains, we will stay inside.(不是 If it will rain)。這條規則是段考常客,時態的完整地圖見時態總表。

第三類

轉折副詞:不是連接詞

功能常用副詞中文
轉折however, nevertheless然而、儘管如此
結果therefore, thus, as a result因此、所以
補充moreover, furthermore, in addition此外、而且
對比on the other hand, in contrast另一方面、相反地
舉例for example, for instance舉例來說

這些字不能像 and/but 那樣用逗號連接兩個句子。三種正確寫法:
✓ 分成兩句:It was raining. However, we went out.
✓ 用分號:It was raining; however, we went out.
✗ 錯誤:It was raining, however, we went out.(逗號黏接,英文寫作的經典扣分)

連接詞英文怎麼說?作文常用連接詞整理

連接詞英文叫 conjunction(複數 conjunctions)。文法書上的分類也各有英文名稱:對等連接詞是 coordinating conjunction(就是 FANBOYS 那七個字),從屬連接詞是 subordinating conjunction,成對出現的叫 correlative conjunction;however、therefore 這類轉折副詞叫 conjunctive adverb,寫作課上常和 first、in conclusion 一起統稱 transition words。

作文的開頭、中段、結尾最常用的轉折語:

用途常用說法中文
列出重點、步驟First/Second/Next/Then/Finally首先/第二/接著/然後/最後
交代時間順序After that/Later/In the end之後/後來/到最後
收尾、下結論In conclusion/To sum up/All in all總之/總結來說/整體來說

成對連接詞:兩個字分開放、一起出現,作文用上一次就有變化。

  • both A and B(A 和 B 都):Both my brother and I like soccer.(我和哥哥都喜歡足球。)
  • either A or B(不是 A 就是 B):You can either walk or take the bus.(你可以走路,或是搭公車。)
  • neither A nor B(A 和 B 都不):I like neither coffee nor tea.(咖啡和茶我都不喜歡。)
  • not only A but also B(不只 A,還有 B):She is not only smart but also kind.(她不只聰明,還很善良。)

想讓作文不再只有 and,先判斷兩句之間是補充、對比、因果還是舉例,再從本頁對應的那一列挑字;寫完順便檢查逗號和句點,規則見標點符號指南。

中式英文

三個最常見的錯誤

❶ Although… but…(最經典)
✗ Although he was tired, but he kept working.
✓ Although he was tired, he kept working. 或 He was tired, but he kept working.
中文說「雖然…但是…」兩個都要,英文只能留一個。同理 Because… so… 也是:✗ Because it rained, so we stayed home → ✓ 只留 because 或只留 so。

❷ 逗號黏接(comma splice):兩個完整句子不能只用逗號連。✗ I like English, it is fun. → ✓ 加連接詞 I like English, and it is fun.、用分號、或分成兩句。

❸ and 用到爛:整篇只有 and 連接,句子讀起來像小學生流水帳。作文要拿分,because、although、when、so that 換著用——連接詞的多樣性是英檢寫作評分的實際指標之一,見全民英檢初級複試攻略。

常見問題

連接詞常見問題

三大類:對等連接詞(FANBOYS:for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so)連接對等的兩邊;從屬連接詞(because, although, when, if⋯)帶出附屬子句;轉折副詞(however, therefore⋯)嚴格說不是連接詞,標點規則不同,不能只用逗號連接兩個完整句子。

中文的「雖然…但是…」需要成對出現,英文則是一個句子只能有一個表示轉折的連接詞。Although 已經表達了讓步,再加 but 就重複了。正確:Although he was tired, he kept working. 或 He was tired, but he kept working.

不行,理由和上一題相同。Because it rained, so we stayed home. 是中式英文。選一個即可:Because it rained, we stayed home. 或 It rained, so we stayed home.

連接兩個完整句子時用分號:It was raining; however, we went out. 或者直接分成兩句:It was raining. However, we went out. 只用逗號是 comma splice,寫作會被扣分。

一條規則:子句放在句首要加逗號(Because I was sick, I stayed home.),放在句尾不用(I stayed home because I was sick.)。記法是「先說附屬,講完要停一下」。

最有效的練法是「改寫」:拿孩子寫過的句子,要求用不同連接詞重寫三次。因為要表達的意思固定,孩子被迫去找新的連接方式——比背連接詞表有用得多。我們的寫作訂正就是這樣做的,歡迎加 LINE 預約試聽。

板橋美籍外師小班英文課堂 免費資源

這份整理免費,
句子哪裡怪也可以直接問

這一頁可以自由收藏或列印,不用註冊、不用留資料。A4 列印版的英文時態總表也可以直接下載;孩子寫的句子哪裡怪、標點該用逗號還是分號,可以加 LINE 直接問——不用預約、不用留電話。

接著讀:英文 12 時態總表、英文標點符號總整理、不規則動詞三態表。

住在板橋的家長:我們的教室在中正路 89 巷,課程與師資見板橋英文補習班介紹。